北斗二号伪距偏差特性分析及其对定位的影响

伪距偏差是指因卫星下行导航信号非理想状态,导致不同技术状态的终端在接收同一卫星导航信号时产生不同的测距偏差,而现有伪距改正手段尚未考虑该偏差,甚至在双频定位时还会被进一步放大.基于Curtin GNSS研究中心设置的零基线接收机,使用接收机零基线差分解算多组观测终端下北斗二号卫星的伪距偏差,分析其特性,并采用标准单点定位测试伪距偏差改正后的定位精度变化.结果表明:北斗二号各卫星在不同频点的伪距偏差最大可达20cm,B2信号伪距偏差普遍小于B1信号;考虑伪距偏差改正后,标准单点定位在U方向最大提升7.9％,三维方向最大提升5.1％.     

光学元件数控单轴加工中的边缘效应控制建模方法

边缘效应严重制约了计算机控制光学表面成型技术（CCOS）的加工精度和加工效率，是亟待解决的技术难点之一。基于Preston方程，建立工具盘在加工工件边缘时的定量去除模型，是解决该问题的重要途径。将加工工件、工具盘尺寸，磨削压力、速度、时间，磨削点位等加工参量进行数学建模，建立边缘去除函数模型，精确计算边缘压力分布和磨削累计时间。随着工具盘在工件边缘露边量增加，工具盘压力呈指数级增长。工件磨削累计时间随工具盘中心点位不同呈现分段变化规律。研发单轴机数控设备，利用工具盘沿工件边缘母线点位移动方式，进行边缘效应控制研究。通过实验精确求出Preston方程比例系数k，验证模型仿真与实际加工结果吻合性，准确度达到91.9%。数控单轴机修边方法和建立的数学模型可以很好地指导实际研磨抛光过程。     

复合材料径向和轴向螺栓连接失效预测方法及失效模式分析

大型火箭舱段间的复合材料端框连接主要由径向螺栓连接和轴向螺栓连接组成，设计了不同铺层和几何尺寸的连接试验件，并通过试验获得了失效载荷和失效形式。然后，选择了3种渐进损伤方法进行了连接结构的失效预测，并将预测结果与试验结果进行比较，结果表明：采用基于细观力学的复合材料渐进损伤方法，15组径向连接试验件失效载荷计算误差最大为17.3％；4组轴向连接失效载荷计算误差最大7.4％；预测的失效形式与试验结果接近，为连接结构确定了合适的失效预测方法。采用数值分析结果揭示了复合材料单向层的主要失效模式。为复合材料端框连接的设计研究提供了可用的失效预测方法及详细的失效模式分析结果。     

火箭弹电动舵机模糊单神经元PID控制算法

针对制导火箭弹电动式舵机,为提高其响应速度和精度,文章在模糊PID控制基础上,提出了模糊单神经元PID控制方法。首先,建立了火箭弹舵机系统模型;然后,将模糊推理、单神经元自学习算法和PID控制相结合,建立智能控制系统,以实现对舵机输入指令的精确、快速响应。经仿真实验表明:在此智能控制下,舵机位置在阶跃响应的调节时间、超调量以及正弦跟踪上相对于传统模糊PID控制均得到有效改进,具有良好的动静态性能、自适应性和稳定性。     

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of a multi-link manipulator with flexible links-joints mounted on a mobile platform

The present work theoretically demonstrates the dynamic analysis of a planar multi-link manipulator considering flexible links and joints mounted on a moving base. A nonlinear model of a multi-manipulator (N-links) has been developed accounting for an equivalent bi-directional mobile base. The nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam and spring-inertia/mass system have been introduced to demonstrate the flexibilities of links and joints, respectively. Modal analysis followed by trajectory analysis has been performed to investigate the behaviors of manipulator taking into account of accurate boundary conditions. Further, vibration characteristics, steady-state responses, and their stability at resonant situations due to joint motions and inertial coupling have been studied. Results of exploiting geometric and inertial coupling due to flexible arms on stability analysis of steady-state responses have been investigated and have been subsequently verified with the findings by directly solving the governing equations. Steady-state response characteristics to explore the dynamics of the multi-link manipulators under resonant states have been studied with the varying actuator mass, the flexibility of links, lifted payload, and joint parameters. The results thus obtained, deliver a useful insight into the position analysis and long-term behavior of multi-link flexible manipulators under harmonic hub-joint motions that shall further enable its proper vibration attenuation and control.     

军用运输机运力评估模型及影响因素研究

军用运输机在完成战略投送和战术运输任务中起着至关重要的作用。本文在借鉴国外运输机运力分析方法的基础上,提出了一种包括单机单航次和多机多航次最大运力的计算模型,并对国外几种典型的军用运输机进行计算分析。然后分析了影响运力的主要因素,包括:载重、航程、出动架次率、使用可用度、任务成功概率、机场条件限制和环境适应能力等。研究结论表明:此运力模型和因素分析正确,可为我国军用运输机的运力评估工作提供依据。     

复合材料机械连接结构分析中的接触算法适用性研究

采用有限元方法计算复合材料机械连接结构孔边接触应力分布时,需要保证其结果的可靠度。分别以Nastran、Marc和Abaqus为平台,研究小滑移接触检测技术和有限滑移接触检测技术以及拉格朗日乘子法、直接约束法和罚函数法等接触约束施加技术的基本原理与特点,结合复合材料销钉连接结构应力分析实验与数值计算,验证各接触算法的准确性和适用性。结果表明:在复合材料机械连接结构有限元分析中,应当采用有限滑移接触检测技术和罚函数接触约束施加方法以提高计算精度。     

Integration of nanoindentation and finite element method for interpretable tensile properties:A cross-scale calculation method of uneven joints

Nanoindentation testing and its Reverse Analysis Method(RAM) show great potential in understanding the tensile properties of metallic alloys with various microstructures. Nevertheless,the tensile properties of heterogeneous materials such as nickel-based superalloy welded joints have not been well interpreted by combining the microstructures and nanoindentation results, due to their diverse and complex microscopic zones, which throws shade on the properties of separated zones in the material. He...     

Effect of adding Nb foil on joint properties of laser fusion welding for TC4 titanium and 7075 aluminum alloy

It is difficult to gain effective Ti-Al fusion welding joints due to their differences in thermal properties and the appearance of brittle Ti-Al Intermetallic Compounds (IMCs). The experiments of laser fusion welding for TC4 titanium and 7075 aluminum alloy were carried out, temperature field and ductility/brittleness, as well as chemical potential of elements, were calculated, and the effect of adding Nb foil on mechanical properties of the weld was also investigated. The results suggested that Nb atoms tend to diffuse toward Al side, which is conducive to the participation of Nb in the metallurgical reaction and contributes to forming the Ti-Nb-Al IMC layer at the interface. As the thickness of Nb foil increases, the tensile-shear force of joint climbs first but then declines, and reaches the highest value of 1663 N with 0.10 mm-thickness Nb foil, representing 58.38% enhancement compared with the non-added one. Adding Nb foil slows down the heat transfer as a blocker, and thus both the melting amount of Al and the mixing area of Ti and Al decrease. In addition, Nb alloying reduces the brittleness of the Ti-Al compound. Hence, the joint properties of titanium/aluminum are improved with the addition of Nb foil.